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What is a fuse cutout? A fuse cutout, an electrical protection device that protects overhead lines from surge damage, is used to prevent distribution transformers being damaged by surges. These devices work by connecting the fuse to the series of transformer feeder cables. The fuse is connected to the series of the transformer feeder cable by means of a hinged tubular tube fuse. This keeps the fuse in place on the cut body. The fuse holder will fall under its own weight and rotate to the hinge. If the link separates, it will melt and become unusable. A majority of fuse cutouts have a metal ring attached to the fuse holder. The fuse can be manually disengaged if maintenance or repair personnel are required to access the transformer.
The tower's distribution transformer is an integral part the overhead power grid. It transmits power directly from the line to the user points on the ground. Overcurrent damage to these transformers can be caused by surges in overhead power lines. The fuse cutout is a common protection device for overhead line transformers. The fuse cutout can prevent the destruction and use as a switch to isolate transformers from the distribution network. Although there are many variations to the basic fuse cutout, the operating principle has remained the same. These devices typically consist of two contacts that are separated by porcelain insulators. The lower contact is designed for the non-conductive tubular fuse's hinged end. This allows the fuse to freely rotate on the contact assembly. The fuse holder's length allows it to touch the upper contact assembly and form a bridge. The fuse connection is attached to the upper contact via the fuse holder, and connects to the upper and lower contacts.
This structure allows the fuse to be connected between the upper contact and lower contacts assemblies to create a conductive channel. The fuse holder can also be attached between the upper contact and lower assemblies simultaneously. The upper contact is supplied with power from the overhead, while the lower contact receives power from the transformer. This allows power to be fed to the upper contact and connected via a fuse to the lower contact. The transformer is then connected to it. A power surge on an overhead line will cause the fuse link to melt. The fuse holder can then rotate on its hinge to descend from the top contact. To make it easy for maintenance personnel to react quickly, most fuse cutouts are placed horizontally or inclined. The fuse cutouts usually include a brass ring on the fuse's upper end, which is the non-hinge side. Maintenance personnel can manually disengage the fuse and isolate it if necessary.
